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Researchers have recently demonstrated how metformin, vitamin D and calorie restriction can slow or reverse some effects of aging, with metformin helping slow and even reverse them altogether. Now they are exploring chemical reprogramming of cells to restore youth.<\/p>\n
Harvard scientist David Sinclair discussed his progress with American entrepreneur Peter Diamandis regarding resetting cells’ epigenetic clocks to delay cellular aging and potentially increase lifespan. According to him, doing this may extend our lives significantly.<\/p>\n
Metformin has become a central part of over 200 million lives around the globe. This effective and cost-efficient antidiabetic medication helps lower blood glucose, support weight management and decrease the risk of heart disease while potentially lengthening lives via epigenetic aging reduction.<\/p>\n
Studies conducted with various models have demonstrated that metformin effectively counters physiological aging and delays age-related diseases in worms, fruit flies, rodents, and humans alike. More specifically, metformin extends lifespan by inhibiting mTOR and activating AMPK to facilitate glycolysis while inhibiting oxidative stress; furthermore it stimulates mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) stimulation to minimize ER damage, oxidative stress, and cell senescence.<\/p>\n
Metformin can also slow mesenchymal stem cell aging in chronic kidney disease and promote their regenerative potential by increasing expression of DICER1 and production of microRNAs that control cellular senescence, proliferation, autophagy and autophagy. Furthermore, metformin decreases NF-kappaB levels as well as ER stress in macrophages while simultaneously shortening telomere shortening and ROS accumulation in adipose tissue.<\/p>\n
Researchers are conducting studies to see whether metformin can delay human aging. A clinical trial called Targeting Aging with Metformin (TAME) initiative recently began and will investigate metformin’s anti-ageing properties among non-diabetics.<\/p>\n
This study will involve participants taking metformin daily for one year to see its effects on their physical and mental wellbeing. A variety of diagnostic and monitoring techniques will be utilized in tracking the effects of metformin; specifically, TAME trial will measure participants’ metabolic functions, glycemic control, quality of life ratings as well as its impact on cell senescence and epigenetic changes.<\/p>\n
Vitamin D is best-known for its role in bone health, but research suggests it can also play an essential role in slowing cellular aging and protecting DNA at the ends of chromosomes. Over time, cell division leads to reduced telomere length which in turn increases disease and apoptosis risk. Supplementing daily with vitamin D3 could potentially slow this cellular aging process and promote long-term wellness.<\/p>\n
Though much research has been conducted on the effect of vitamin D and many health outcomes, its exact mechanism remains unknown. Some experts speculate that its receptor (VDR) is responsible for these results – an intracellular nuclear protein with functions including cell differentiation, gene expression and controlling mineral homeostasis.<\/p>\n
Vitamin D deficiency has been linked with many illnesses, from osteoporosis and cancer, to chronic inflammation caused by aged macrophages releasing SASP factors associated with ageing-associated diseases like cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and autoimmune disorders. Both vitamin D3 and curcumin act to protect VDR from activation by SASP factors which helps slow anti-ageing effects through prevention of ME-BYO conditions that contributes towards health longevity.<\/p>\n
Omega-3 fatty acids, essential nutrients that the body cannot produce on its own, have been shown to help slow biological aging. A study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) demonstrated this. People taking vitamin D, fish oil supplements and exercise lowered their risks of infection, falls, cancer and premature frailty; Heike Bischoff-Ferrari conducted research that evaluated how dietary Omega-3 intake affected PhenoAgeAccel — which measures biological age through blood biochemical markers versus chronological age.<\/p>\n
Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both found in cell membrane phospholipids, are key components of cardiovascular, vascular, and immune systems. Furthermore, their use to produce molecules known as eicosanoids serves as chemical messengers between organ systems in our bodies.<\/p>\n
Studies have demonstrated the health benefits of diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular disease and may also help patients suffering from heart failure or coronary artery disease to feel better overall. Omega-3s may also lower triglyceride and cholesterol levels while helping alleviate symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis like morning stiffness and tenderness.<\/p>\n
Studies have also demonstrated the protective benefits of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids against age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which can result in serious vision loss due to either central geographic atrophy or wet AMD. This effect may be attributable to DHA’s role as a structural lipid in retinal cell membranes and positive effect of EPA-derived eicosanoids on retinal inflammation, neovascularization, and cell survival; further benefits may also come from taking omega-3s along with healthy diet and regular exercise as this combination may have greater effects than either factor alone could alone!<\/p>\n
Ginkgo trees have been around since the Ice Age and are one of the oldest living trees today. Found throughout parks and gardens across America, their extract has long been used to treat various illnesses, such as dementia, blood flow issues, bronchoconstriction and even heart attack and stroke risk reduction – though further study may be required before drawing any definitive conclusions about their efficacy. Furthermore, studies suggest ginkgo biloba may enhance memory in healthy adults.<\/p>\n
Trials conducted to date have demonstrated a decrease in cognitive decline for Alzheimer’s disease patients; however, other trials have failed to achieve such results. Reasons may include different ways dementia trials were measured and quality issues with products used to make Ginkgo biloba extract; those commonly used are those that contain 24% flavone glycosides and 6% terpenes like those sold under the names EGb 761 or LI 1370 for clinical studies.<\/p>\n
Oral Ginkgo biloba can cause gastrointestinal upset, headache, dizziness and allergic skin reactions in some people. Furthermore, its leaves interact with certain drugs (aspirin, warfarin [Coumadin], or clopidogrel [Plavix]), and there have been anecdotal reports suggesting consuming Ginkgo nuts could trigger seizures for people living with epilepsy.<\/p>\n
Researchers recently made an important discovery: Ginkgolide B can reduce accumulation of senescent cells in mice, suggesting a potential means to extend healthspan and longevity for humans. More research must be conducted before making this conclusion; otherwise it remains unknown if ginkgolide B will have similar results when applied directly to human cells.<\/p>\n