Bio Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MR imaging provides excellent resolution of soft tissue structures without distortions that may occur with other scanning techniques, and does not use any radiation that would compromise patient safety – including pacemakers.
Bio Resonance Therapy is an holistic healing modality, targeting your body’s energetic frequencies to achieve wellness. Although not yet accepted into mainstream medicine, many individuals have reported positive outcomes using Bio Resonance Therapy.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
MRI imaging techniques employ powerful magnets to produce images of body structures. These allow physicians to quickly and accurately diagnose an array of diseases and conditions, such as infections, tumors and injuries. MRI can provide information about the structure and function of organs and tissues within your body. Furthermore, it’s noninvasive and painless: when having an examination you simply lie on a table that slides into the opening of the scanner. A technologist monitors the process from another room and communicates with you through a microphone, while you remain still for up to 60 minutes in order to avoid blurred images from a strong magnetic field. To help keep you still during this exam, the technician may give you drugs which make you sleepy or numb as part of an analgesic regimen administered before beginning.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging works on the principles of NMR. Hydrogen atoms that make up water and fat in living tissue possess an intrinsic magnetic spin property, and when exposed to radiofrequency current, protons within this tissue become stimulated, spinning out of equilibrium with their magnetic field and creating differences between tissues on an MR image depending on how quickly their protons realign with it – giving physicians the ability to differentiate various tissues based on these properties.
There are various MRI sequences available to gather image data, and their T1 and T2 relaxation times determine contrast and brightness of images. Sequences that detect short T2 components have greatly expanded MRI’s application in hard tissues such as bone and dental materials.
Patients should avoid bringing metal objects into an MRI room as these can become magnetized and cause distortions of images. They are advised to wear a gown and remove anything with metal content such as jewelry or zippers that could attract the powerful magnetic field and cause distortions of images. Furthermore, certain machines produce loud noises of up to 120 decibels which could potentially cause hearing loss, tinnitus or hyperacusis and therefore should come equipped with protective ear plugs or headphones for maximum comfort during their procedure.
MR Spectroscopy
MR Spectroscopy (MRS) employs magnetic properties of molecules to gather tissue metabolic information. With this technique, different nuclear spins in various atoms of the molecule are stimulated with radio frequency electromagnetic radiation and then their rotational energies measured – providing information about chemical structure as well as presence/absence of specific metabolites within tissues. MR spectroscopy can assist in diagnosing disease processes including tumours, infections, inflammations or any physiologic disorders.
MRI does not utilize any form of radiation and is generally safe for most patients. However, the electromagnetic field used by MR scanners can interact with biological tissues to cause some mild side effects ranging from metallic taste in mouth or sensations of heat or nerve twitching to heat sensation or sensations from rapid changes caused by pulse sequences. These side effects typically range from metallic taste in mouth or sensations of heat sensations in certain areas to nerve twitching from long term exposure.
As soon as a patient steps inside an MRI scanner, a series of pulses is applied to create the required magnetic field and provide for both MR spectroscopy and imaging capabilities. The main distinctions between conventional magnetic resonance imaging and MRI include the latter using no ionizing radiation while the former does not possess enough energy to detach electrons from atomic nuclei in their bodies.
Magnetic Resonance signals generated by magnetic fields are recorded by sensors located inside and surrounding an MR scanner, where they are processed into images using them as reference. They may also be used to create chemical maps of metabolic state of tissue studied – giving researchers insight into evaluating patient conditions and designing treatment plans.
Before undertaking an MR spectroscopy test, it is vitally important that you inform the healthcare provider of any metal implants or medical devices present in your body. This will ensure a safe MR exam without unwanted interactions with its magnetic field. Furthermore, pregnant women should inform their healthcare provider and wait at least until after their first trimester to undergo any examinations with magnetic resonance technology.
MR Flowmetry
MR flowmetry is used to assess the pulsatile flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in both the brain and spinal canal. Any disturbances to CSF flow could indicate certain medical conditions, including hydrocephalus and spinal stenosis. Furthermore, it has the ability to evaluate posterior fossa cystic malformations such as syringomyelia or cystic myelomalacia as well as communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus as well as levels of obstruction in obstructive hydrocephalus cases; additionally it has application in follow up of patients after neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy/ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt procedures as well.
To accurately measure CSF flow, an MRI scan should use a phase-contrast sequence with velocity encoding (VC). The velocity encoding signal is calculated from the difference between two images of a slice acquired at different times; then subtracted from other data sets so as to remove static nuclei and produce an output proportional to actual CSF velocity.
Hemodynamic assessments with 3D cine phase-contrast MRI (4D flow MRI) have become an increasingly popular choice for clinicians. It allows the acquisition of volumetric flow measurements at specific voxels as well as cardiac phase-resolved velocity vectors over one heart cycle, providing essential insights into vascular homeostasis and disease progression.
To successfully execute 4D flow MRI, it is critical to optimize image quality and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). High SNR levels and fast repetition times are needed in order to achieve adequate imaging time, but these parameters may be restricted due to physical restrictions in the magnet itself. Furthermore, patients must remain still during an exam – which may prove challenging in infants and small children – which necessitates the development of methods to enhance image quality and patient comfort. Researchers from NIBIB are developing optical tracking systems to enable an MRI machine to respond in real-time to patient movement, making MR exams less stressful and patient-friendly. Furthermore, this technology may eliminate the need for anesthesia altogether, permitting a person to remain awake throughout their procedure.
MR Biometry
MR brain biometry is an indispensable component of prenatal MRI, providing normative reference charts that enable precise brain growth measurement. This information is essential for both normal fetal development and abnormality detection; however, collecting and interpreting fetal brain biometry takes considerable time; image registration plus manual segmentation of lateral ventricles and supratentorial brain tissue may take 24-48 h before results become visible.
Contrasting ultrasound imaging, MR imaging does not depend on amniotic fluid levels or subcutaneous fat thickness for accurate results. Furthermore, MRI can measure more anatomical structures than ultrasound, making MR fetal brain biometry possible with higher resolution and enhanced contrast/detail than its ultrasound equivalent.
Fetal brain development occurs rapidly during gestation. From 21 to 38 weeks gestational age (GA), lateral ventricles double in volume; this phenomenon makes MR brain biometry an accurate method for tracking this growth; however, in order to do so accurately requires patients lying on their back in an uncomfortable supine position during an MRI scan; additionally this process may also take time and cost money.
Numerous studies have assessed MRI fetal brain biometry across different settings and fetuses. Common measurements for evaluation include fronto-occipital diameter (FOD), cerebral biparietal diameter (BPD), cerebellar length (LCC), width of the atria of the lateral ventricles, mesencephalic antero-posterior diameter (APD), vermian cranio-caudal diameter (CCD) and clivo-supraoccipital angle (CCD/CCD). All measurements are manually evaluated manually by two radiologists; correlation/differeractic difference analysis measures reproducibility between radiologists as well as their GA parameters correlated/regression analysis to ensure their relationship to their GA values (Correlation/regression analysis).
Imaging of the fetal brain using MR technology requires a 1.5 T scanner with an abdominal or cardiac phased array coil, placed supine. No sedation is needed and examination should last no more than 60 min, yielding transverse and sagittal images respectively.



